<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metadata>
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Gabriel Senay</origin>
        <origin>Stefanie Kagone</origin>
        <origin>MacKenzie Friedrichs</origin>
        <origin>Naga Velpuri</origin>
        <origin>James Rowland</origin>
        <origin>James Verdin</origin>
        <pubdate>2017</pubdate>
        <title>SSEBop Evapotranspiration Data from 2003 to Present: Dekadal (10-day), Monthly, Seasonal, and Annual Time Scales</title>
        <geoform>n</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Sioux Falls, SD</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/F72V2F1F</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>On vegetated landscapes, Evapotranspiration (ET) can be simplified as the combination of evaporation from soil and transpiration from vegetation. Actual ET (ETa) is produced using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model (Senay et al., 2013) for 2003 to present using data stream from the Aqua satellite. The SSEBop setup is based on the original Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) approach (Senay et al., 2007, 2011) with unique and improved parameterizations for operational applications. It combines ET fractions generated from remotely sensed MODIS thermal imagery, summarized every 10 days (dekadal), with reference ET, generated from weather data fields using the Penman-Monteith Equation. The unique feature of the SSEBop parameterization is that it uses a pre-defined, seasonally dynamic “surface psychrometer constant” parameter that helps define the “hot/dry” and “cold/wet” reference limits, unique to each pixel. Furthermore, the "cold/wet” limit is determined using the daily maximum air temperature (Ta) using the “c factor” parameter which relates Ta to land surface temperature at well-vegetated/well-watered surfaces. The original SSEB model was formulated based on an adaptation of the “hot and cold” pixel principles of SEBAL (Bastiaanssen et al., 1998) and METRIC (Allen et al., 2007) models. ETa data and anomaly products (current vs. 2003 – 2015 median), produced at 1 km resolution, are available at: https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews.</abstract>
      <purpose>The model uses remotely sensed thermal data and model-assimilated weather fields to produce ET (1 km) at dekadal (10-day), monthly, seasonal, and annual time scales. The data is used to assess vegetation and landscape conditions for earlywarning drought monitoring purposes.</purpose>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>20030101</begdate>
          <enddate>20030110</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>dekadal (10-day) period</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>Not planned</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-180.0</westbc>
        <eastbc>180.0</eastbc>
        <northbc>80.0</northbc>
        <southbc>-60.0</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>Evapotranspiration</themekey>
        <themekey>SSEBop model</themekey>
        <themekey>USGS FEWS NET</themekey>
        <themekey>Remote Sensing</themekey>
        <themekey>actual ET</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt>
        <placekey>Global</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>none</accconst>
    <useconst>none</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Gabriel Senay</cntper>
          <cntorg>CLIMATE &amp; LAND-USE</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>47914 252nd Street</address>
          <city>Sioux Falls</city>
          <state>SD</state>
          <postal>57198</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>605-594-2758</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>senay@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <crossref>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Gabriel Senay</origin>
        <origin>Stefanie (Bohms) Kagone</origin>
        <origin>Ramesh Singh</origin>
        <origin>Prasanna Gowda</origin>
        <origin>Naga Velpuri</origin>
        <origin>Henok Alemu</origin>
        <origin>James Verdin</origin>
        <pubdate>20130513</pubdate>
        <title>Operational evapotranspiration mapping using remote sensing and weather datasets: A new parameterization for the SSEB approach.</title>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Online</pubplace>
          <publish>Journal of American Water Resources Association</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jawr.12057/abstract;jsessionid=7F097D3E22F304A6337CFDDEE47E4BDA.d03t04</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </crossref>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Data accuracy tested by comparing to previous version data of the SSEBop model and other independent data sources.</logic>
    <complete>Data set is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>No formal positional accuracy tests were conducted</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>NASA LP DAAC</origin>
            <pubdate>2017</pubdate>
            <title>MODIS data</title>
            <geoform>hdf</geoform>
            <pubinfo>
              <pubplace>n/a</pubplace>
              <publish>NASA LP DAAC</publish>
            </pubinfo>
            <onlink>https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/data_access</onlink>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>raster</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <rngdates>
              <begdate>20030101</begdate>
              <enddate>20170801</enddate>
            </rngdates>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>done</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>n/a</srccitea>
        <srccontr>model input</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Processing SSEBop model using Python 2.7 and ArcGIS 10.3.1.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20170531</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <direct>Raster</direct>
  </spdoinfo>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>d2010043_modisSSEBopETv4_actual_mm.tif</enttypl>
        <enttypd>SSEBop ET value in millimeter (mm) or percent of median value in percent (%) as defined in file name.</enttypd>
        <enttypds>n/a</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
      <attr>
        <attrlabl>n/a</attrlabl>
        <attrdef>n/a</attrdef>
        <attrdefs>n/a</attrdefs>
        <attrdomv>
          <edom>
            <edomv>n/a</edomv>
            <edomvd>n/a</edomvd>
            <edomvds>n/a</edomvds>
          </edom>
        </attrdomv>
      </attr>
    </detailed>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>USGS EROS Center</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>47914 252nd Street</address>
          <city>Sioux Falls</city>
          <state>SD</state>
          <postal>57198</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-605-594-6511</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>rowland@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <techpreq>This zip file contains data in geotiff format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and displaying the raster data.</techpreq>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20170807</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>Stefanie Kagone (CTR)</cntper>
          <cntorg>CLIMATE &amp; LAND-USE</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>47914 252nd Street</address>
          <city>Sioux Falls</city>
          <state>SD</state>
          <postal>57198</postal>
          <country>United States</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-605-594-2862</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>stefanie.kagone.ctr@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
